Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Subtopics for MHT-CET 2023-2024
- The Discovery of DNA
- The Genetic Material Is DNA
- DNA Packaging
- DNA Replication
- Protein Synthesis
- Regulation Of Gene Expression
- Operon Concept
- Genomics
- Human Genome Project
- DNA Fingerprinting
Multiple Choice Question For Biology MHT-CET
Q1. Which of the following cells were used by Friedrich Miescher for his experiments?
A. RBCs
B. Platelets
C. WBCs
D. Nerve Cells
Correct Answer:(C)
Q2. In 1869, Miescher separated a cellular substance from their nuclei of pus cells called:
A. Deoxyribonuclease
B. Peptide
C. Nuclein
D. Ribose
Correct Answer:(C)
Q3. Chemically, nuclein has high ________ content and showed acidic properties. Hence it was named as nucleic acid.
A. Calcium
B. Potassium
C. Sulphur
D. Phosphorus
Correct Answer:(D)
Q4. Hershey and chase used ________ to provide the unambiguous proof that DNA is genetic material.
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Fungi
D. Bacteriophage
D. Bacteriophage
Correct Answer:(D)
Q5. DNA is associated with basic protein , i.e.
A. Albumin
B. Nuclein
C. Histone
D. HU proteins
Correct Answer:(C)
Q6. The total length of DNA associated with each nucleosome is ________ base pairs.
A. 100
B. 350
C. 200
D. 60
Correct Answer:(C)
Q7. About ________ long segment of DNA remains present in each nucleosome.
A. 164 base pairs
B. 146 base pairs
C. 54 base pairs
D. 200 base pairs
Correct Answer:(B)
Q8. The nucleosomes in chromatin appear as:
A. 'beads on coil'
B. 'beads on string'
C. 'beads on ring'
D. 'rings on strings'
Correct Answer:(B)
Q9. The solenoid structure further supercoils tends to form a looped structure called:
A. Nucleosome fibre
B. Chromatin fibre
C. Chromosome
D. Chromatid
Correct Answer:(B)
Q10. The diameter of solenoid fibre is:
A. 10 nm
B. 30 nm
C. 20 nm
D. 5 nm
Correct Answer:(B)
Q11. DNA replicates through _______ mode of replication.
A. Conservative
B. Semiconservative
C. Dispersive
D. Auto-conservative
Correct Answer:(B)
Q12. DNA replication begins at specific sites situated on the molecule. Such sites are called:
A. Origin points
B. Unwinding sites
C. Binding sites
D. Unzipping sites
Correct Answer:(A)
Q13. At the point of origin, enzyme endonuclease nicks one of the strands of DNA by breaking the :
A. Hydrogen bond
B. Phosphodiester bond
C. C-C bonds
D. Phosphate
Correct Answer:(B)
Q14. Which of the following enzyme brings about the DNA and unwinding by breaking weak hydrogen bonds in the vicinity of origin?
A. DNA gyrase
B. DNA Ligase
C. Endonuclease
D. Helicase
Correct Answer:(D)
Q15. After the action of helicase and SSBP protein on DNA, each separated DNA strand acts as:
A. Supplementary strand
B. Complementary strand
C. Template strand
D. Parallel strand
Correct Answer:(C)
Q16. The point formed due to unwinding and separation of 2 strands appear like y-shaped fork, called:
A. Unidirectional fork
B. Replication/replicating fork
C. Template fork
D. Leading fork
Correct Answer:(B)
Q17. In DNA replication, the primer required to synthesise new strand is:
A. DNA primer
B. RNA primer
C. DNA-RNA duplex primer
D. None of these
Correct Answer:(B)
Q18. Over a DNA template, synthesis of new strand is carried out by:
A. DNA ligase
B. DNA polymerase
C. RNA polymerase
D. RNA primase
Correct Answer:(B)
Q19. The enzyme ______ helps in formation of double helix in newly formed daughter DNA molecules.
A. DNA ligase
B. DNA polymerase
C. SSBP
D. DNA gyrase (topoisomerase)
Correct Answer:(D)
Q20. Primary transcript is non functional and contains:
A. Both exons and introns
B. Only exons
C. Only introns
D. Only cistrons
Correct Answer:(A)
Q21. Exons and introns are present in:
A. hnRNA
B. rRNA
C. mRNA
D. tRNA
Correct Answer:(A)
Q22. Exon part of mRNAs has code for:
A. Protein
B. Lipid
C. Phospholipid
D. Carbohydrate
Correct Answer:(A)
Q23. Protein of gene which is transcribed but not translated as:
A. Exon
B. Intron
C. Cistron
D. Codon
Correct Answer:(B)
Q24. Removal of introns and joining the exons in a defined order in a transcription unit is called:
A. Splicing
B. Tailing
C. Transformation
D. Capping
Correct Answer:(A)
Q25. Addition of adenylate residues at 3' end in a transcription unit is called:
A. Tailing
B. Splicing
C. Capping
D. Coding
Correct Answer:(A)
Q26. Addition of methyl guanosine triphosphate at 5' end of hnRNA in transcription unit is:
A. Splicing
B. Capping
C. Tailing
D. Adenylation
Correct Answer:(B)
Q27. The messenger RNA is formed from DNA:
A. In cytoplasm
B. In endoplasmic reticulum
C. In nucleus
D. By free ribosomes
Correct Answer:(C)
Q28. The known number of amino acids used in protein synthesis is:
A. 20
B. 35
C. More than 50
D. More than 100
Correct Answer:(A)
Q29. George Gamow suggested the each codon coding for an amino acid is consists of:
A. 64 nitrogenous bases
B. 3 nucleotides
C. 4 codons
D. 3 codons
Correct Answer:(B)
Q30. How many codons actually code for 20 amino acids?
A. 60
B. 61
C. 62
D. 64
Correct Answer:(B)
Q31. If each codon consists of only one nitrogen base the possible number of codons would be :
A. 64
B. 16
C. 61
D. 4
Correct Answer:(D)
Q32. Sequence of 3 consecutive bases constitutes ______, which specifies one particular amino acid.
A. Introns
B. Exon
C. Codon
D. Cistron
Correct Answer:(C)
Q33. Genetic code universal because :
A. It is same for all living organisms
B. It is same for specific protein
C. It is the same for only certain organisms
D. None of these
Correct Answer:(A)
Q34. The mechanism in which codons of mRNA are translated and specific amino acids in a sequence form polypeptide on ribosomes is known as:
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Translocation
D. Transformation
Correct Answer:(B)
Q35. Which of the following cell organelle serve as site of protein synthesis?
A. Golgi complex
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosomes
Correct Answer:(D)
Q36. During translation, which of the following ions play significant role in associating 2 subunits of ribosomes?
A. Calcium
B. Molybdenum
C. Magnesium
D. Zinc
Correct Answer:(C)
Q37. During initiation, mRNA gets attached to _______ of ribosome.
A. Larger subunit
B. Smaller subunit
C. E-site
D. P-site
Correct Answer:(B)
Q38. The initiation codon in prokaryotes codes for:
A. Methionine
B. Valine
C. Threonine
D. N-formyl-methionine
Correct Answer:(D)
Q39. Amino acid on the first initiator t-RNA at P-site and amino acid on t-RNA at A-site are joined by peptide bond found by an enzyme:
A. RNA polymerase
B. Ribozyme
C. DNA polymerase
D. DNA ligase
Correct Answer:(B)
Q40. The movement of ribosome on the mRNA is known as :
A. Transformation
B. Transcription
C. Transportation
D. Translocation
Correct Answer:(D)
Q41. UGA is an example of:
A. Terminal codon
B. Initiation codon
C. Anticodon
C. Anticodon
D. Cistron
Correct Answer:(A)
Q42. The phenomenon by which a set of genes are switched on when there is necessity to metabolise a new substrate is known as:
A. Repression
B. Reduction
C. Induction
D. Regulation
Correct Answer:(C)
Q43. The cluster of genes with related functions is called:
A. Polysomes
B. Operon
C. Control elements
D. Promoter
Correct Answer:(B)
Q44. Gene responsible for the synthesis of repressor in operon is called:
A. Operator gene
B. Structural gene
C. Regulator gene
D. Promoter gene
Correct Answer:(C)
Q45. In lactose operon of Escherichia coli, what is the function of promoter?
A. Binding of gyrase enzyme
B. Binding of RNA polymerase
B. Binding of RNA polymerase
C. Codes of RNA polymerase
D. Processing of messenger RNA
Correct Answer:(B)
Q46. ________ binds to the repression and switches on the transcription process.
A. Inducer
B. Operator
C. Regulator
D. Promoter
Correct Answer:(A)
Q47. The chemical molecule present in the cytoplasm that inactivates the repressor is known as ________.
A. B-galactosidase
B. Permease
C. Inducer
D. Transacetylase
Correct Answer:(C)
Q48. The human genome project was coordinated by:
A. USDA
B. U.S. Dept. of energy
C. National Institute of health
D. Both (B) and (C)
Correct Answer:(D)
Q49. Human genome project was completed in the year :
A. 2005
B. 2010
C. 2003
D. 2000
Correct Answer:(C)
Q50. For DNA fingerprinting, DNA is obtained from:
A. Tissue sample
B. Hair root cells
C. Blood
D. All of these
Correct Answer:(D)